Browsing by Author "Bravo, Luis Eduardo"

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    Etiology of stomach cancer (C16) in Central and South America
    (2016) Cueva, Patricia; Sierra, Mónica S.; Bravo, Luis Eduardo; Forman, David
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    Progress, challenges and ways forward supporting cancer surveillance in Latin America
    (International Journal of Cancer, 2021) Piñeros, Marion; Abriata, María Graciela; Vries, Esther; Barrios, Enrique; Bravo, Luis Eduardo; Cueva, Patricia; De Camargo Cancela, Marianna; Fernández, Leticia; Gil, Enrique; Luciani, Silvana; Pardo, Constanza; Zoss, Walter; Bray, Freddie; Mery, Les
    Population-based cancer registries (PBCRs) are the only means to provide reliable incidence and survival data as a basis for policy-making and resource allocations within cancer care. Yet, less than 3% and 10% of the respective populations of Cen tral America and South America are covered by high-quality cancer registries. The Global Initiative for Cancer Registry Development provides support to improve this situation via the International Agency for Research on Cancer Regional Hub for Latin America. In this paper, we summarize activities (advocacy, technical assistance, train ing and research) over the last 5 years, their impact and current challenges, including the implementation of new PBCR in four countries in the region. Despite the favor able political support to cancer registration in many countries, the sustainability of cancer registration remains vulnerable. Renewed efforts are needed to improve data quality in Latin America while ensuring maximum visibility of the data collected by disseminating and promoting their use in cancer control
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    Stomach cancer burden in Central and South America
    (2016) Sierra, Monica S.; Cueva, Patricia; Bravo, Luis Eduardo; Forman, David
    Rationale and objective: Stomach cancer mortality rates in Central and South America (CSA) are among the highest in the world. We describe the current burden of stomach cancer in CSA. Methods: We obtained regional and national-level cancer incidence data from 48 population-based registries (13 countries) and nation-wide cancer deaths from WHO’s mortality database (18 countries). We estimated world population age-standardized incidence (ASR) and mortality (ASMR) rates per 100,000 and estimated annual percent change to describe time trends. Results: Stomach cancer was among the 5 most frequently diagnosed cancers and a leading cause of cancer mortality. Between CSA countries, incidence varied by 6-fold and mortality by 5–6-fold. Males had up to 3-times higher rates than females. From 2003 to 2007, the highest ASRs were in Chile, Costa Rica, Colombia, Ecuador, Brazil and Peru (males: 19.2–29.1, females: 9.7–15.1). The highest ASMRs were in Chilean, Costa Rican, Colombian and Guatemalan males (17.4–24.6) and in Guatemalan, Ecuadorian and Peruvian females (10.5–17.1). From 1997 to 2008, incidence declined by 4% per year in Brazil, Chile and Costa Rica; mortality declined by 3–4% in Costa Rica and Chile. 60–96% of all the cancer cases wereunspecified in relation to gastric sub-site but, among those specified, non-cardia cancers occurred 2–13- times more frequently than cardia cancers. Conclusion: The variation in rates may reflect differences in the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infectionand other risk factors. High mortality may additionally reflect deficiencies in healthcare access. The high proportion of unspecified cases calls for improving cancer registration processes. ã 2015 International Agency for Research on Cancer; Licensee Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND IGO 3.0 license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/igo/).