Browsing by Author "Marcos-Gragera, Rafael"

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    The histology of brain tumors for 67 331 children and 671 085 adults diagnosed in 60 countries during 2000- 2014: a global, population-based study (CONCORD-3)
    (Neuro-Oncology, 2021) Girardi, Fabio; Rous, Brian; Stiller, Charles A.; Gatta, Gemma; Fersht Naomi; Storm, Hans H.; Rodrigues, Jessica R.; Herrmann, Christian; Marcos-Gragera, Rafael; Peris-Bonet, Rafael; Valkov, Mikhail; Weir, Hannah K.; Woods, Ryan R.; You, Hui; Cueva, Patricia A.; De, Prithwish; Di Carlo, Veronica; Børge Johannesen, Tom; Lima, Carlos A.; Lynch, Charles F.; Coleman, Michel P.; Allemani, Claudia; CONCORD Working Group
    Background. Global variations in survival for brain tumors are very wide when all histological types are con sidered together. Appraisal of international differences should be informed by the distribution of histology, but little is known beyond Europe and North America. Methods. The source for the analysis was the CONCORD database, a program of global surveillance of cancer sur vival trends, which includes the tumor records of individual patients from more than 300 population-based cancer registries. We considered all patients aged 0-99 years who were diagnosed with a primary brain tumor during 2000-2014, whether malignant or nonmalignant. We presented the histology distribution of these tumors, for pa tients diagnosed during 2000-2004, 2005-2009, and 2010-2014. Results. Records were submitted from 60 countries on 5 continents, 67 331 for children and 671 085 for adults. After exclusion of irrelevant morphology codes, the final study population comprised 60 783 children and 602 112 adults. Only 59 of 60 countries covered in CONCORD-3 were included because none of the Mexican records were eligible. We defined 12 histology groups for children, and 11 for adults. In children (0-14 years), the proportion of low-grade astrocytomas ranged between 6% and 50%. Medulloblastoma was the most common subtype in coun tries where low-grade astrocytoma was less commonly reported. In adults (15-99 years), the proportion of glio blastomas varied between 9% and 69%. International comparisons were made difficult by wide differences in thproportion of tumors with unspecified histology, which accounted for up to 52% of diagnoses in children and up to 65% in adults. Conclusions. To our knowledge, this is the first account of the global histology distribution of brain tumors, in children and adults. Our findings provide insights into the practices and the quality of cancer registration worldwide.
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    Worldwide trends in population-based survival for children, adolescents, and young adults diagnosed with leukaemia, by subtype, during 2000–14 (CONCORD-3): analysis of individual data from 258 cancer registries in 61 countries
    (Lancet Child Adolesc Health, 2022) Ssenyonga, Naomi; Stiller, Charles; Nakata, Kayo; Shalkow, Jaime; Redmond, Shelagh; Bulliard, Jean-Luc; Girardi, Fabio; Fowler, Christine; Marcos-Gragera, Rafael; Bonaventure, Audrey; Nathalie Saint-Jacques; Minicozzi, Pamela; De, Prithwish; Rodríguez-Barranco, Miguel; Larønningen, Siri; Di Carlo, Veronica; Mägi Margit; Valkov, Mikhail; Seppä, Karri; Wyn Huws, Dyfed; Coleman, Michel P.; Allemani, Claudia; CONCORD Working Group
    Background: Leukaemias comprise a heterogenous group of haematological malignancies. In CONCORD-3, we analysed data for children (aged 0-14 years) and adults (aged 15-99 years) diagnosed with a haematological malignancy during 2000-14 in 61 countries. Here, we aimed to examine worldwide trends in survival from leukaemia, by age and morphology, in young patients (aged 0-24 years). Methods: We analysed data from 258 population-based cancer registries in 61 countries participating in CONCORD-3 that submitted data on patients diagnosed with leukaemia. We grouped patients by age as children (0-14 years), adolescents (15-19 years), and young adults (20-24 years). We categorised leukaemia subtypes according to the International Classification of Childhood Cancer (ICCC-3), updated with International Classification of Diseases for Oncology, third edition (ICD-O-3) codes. We estimated 5-year net survival by age and morphology, with 95% CIs, using the non-parametric Pohar-Perme estimator. To control for background mortality, we used life tables by country or region, single year of age, single calendar year and sex, and, where possible, by race or ethnicity. All-age survival estimates were standardised to the marginal distribution of young people with leukaemia included in the analysis. Findings: 164 563 young people were included in this analysis: 121 328 (73·7%) children, 22 963 (14·0%) adolescents, and 20 272 (12·3%) young adults. In 2010-14, the most common subtypes were lymphoid leukaemia (28 205 [68·2%] patients) and acute myeloid leukaemia (7863 [19·0%] patients). Age-standardised 5-year net survival in children, adolescents, and young adults for all leukaemias combined during 2010-14 varied widely, ranging from 46% in Mexico to more than 85% in Canada, Cyprus, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, and Australia. Individuals with lymphoid leukaemia had better age-standardised survival (from 43% in Ecuador to ≥80% in parts of Europe, North America, Oceania, and Asia) than those with acute myeloid leukaemia (from 32% in Peru to ≥70% in most high-income countries in Europe, North America, and Oceania). Throughout 2000-14, survival from all leukaemias combined remained consistently higher for children than adolescents and young adults, and minimal improvement was seen for adolescents and young adults in most countries. Interpretation: This study offers the first worldwide picture of population-based survival from leukaemia in children, adolescents, and young adults. Adolescents and young adults diagnosed with leukaemia continue to have lower survival than children. Trends in survival from leukaemia for adolescents and young adults are important indicators of the quality of cancer management in this age group. Funding: Children with Cancer UK, the Institut National du Cancer, La Ligue Contre le Cancer, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Swiss Re, Swiss Cancer Research foundation, Swiss Cancer League, Rossy Family Foundation, US National Cancer Institute, and the American Cancer Society.